How to do Tree Pose — Benefits and Pose Breakdown

Want to learn more about Tree Pose, aka Vrksasana? In this post, I share Tree Pose benefits, a complete yoga pose breakdown, contraindications, myths, a step-by-step video, modifications and more.

illustration of a man doing tree pose — Barbara Bakos, Illustrator

Oh Tree Pose. Why do you taunt me so? It may surprise you to know that Vrksasana, while generally considered a beginners’ pose, is one of those poses that continues to challenge me and to provide me lots to work on.

I find one-leg standing poses really tough. My ankles aren’t very strong and while I work to build strength in them, I don’t do targeted ankle weight lifting or anything. But I do keep coming back to Tree Pose and its relatives, like Utthita Hasta Padangusthasana 1 and 2, Garudasana, Utthita Eka Padasana and Natarajasana, so I can build strength through practice.

What will you find in this post about the benefits of Tree Pose?

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Tree Pose Quick Facts

Sanskrit	Vrksasana (sometimes spelled Vrikshasana or Vriksasana)
English	Tree Pose / Perfect Pose
Pronunciation	vrik-SHAH-suh-nuh
Meaning	Vrksa means tree. Asana means pose or posture. Vrksasana means Tree Pose.

Tree Pose Benefits

Note: I only include the scientifically supported benefits of Tree Pose here. Plenty of claims about other supposed benefits (from the plausible to the magical to the ridiculous) have been made. To me, pseudo-scientific claims only serve to harm the yoga community, so I choose not to give them airtime here.

The main physical benefits of Vrksasana include:

Strengthens your legs — knees, quads, hamstrings and hip stabilizers!
Opens your hips and stretches your inner thighs and groin muscles.

Strengthens your core which helps develop stability.
Stretching your arms upwards improves/maintains shoulder flexibility.
Strengthens your feet and ankles.
Strengthens the muscles of your hips, which helps build stability.

Tones and strengthens your arms.
Prepares you for other hip-opening poses like Ardha Padma Vrksasana (Half-Lotus Tree Pose) and Eka Pada Rajakapotasana (One-Legged King Pigeon Pose).
The focus and concentration you build working on Tree Pose can help your confidence in other one-legged balancing poses.

If you want more on the benefits of yoga, see our complete guide to the benefits of yoga, which includes a history of yoga plus the origins of our modern yoga practice and much more.

Precautions & Contraindications

Remember that while yoga is for everyone, not all poses are for all people!

If you have trouble balancing, use caution with this pose and practice it near a wall where you can support yourself as needed.
If you have a knee or hip injury, Tree Pose is not recommended.
If you have high blood pressure, do not lift your arms overhead. Instead keep your palms in Anjali Mudra (the prayer position) at the center of your chest.

If you are elderly or have osteoporosis, practice Vrksasana near a wall you can touch for support as needed.
If you have a recent injury to your legs, shoulders, arms or spine, you may want to avoid Vrksasana.
If you have an unstable SI joint or have sciatica, approach Tree Pose with caution and focus on keeping your hips strong and stable.
If you can easily hyperextend your knees, be sure to keep the knee on your standing leg engaged and active.

Misconceptions & Myths About Vrksasana

While most yoga poses weren’t created until the past century, there are some that have been around much longer — Vrksasana is one of those. It is one of the 32 asanas mentioned in Gheranda Samhita (written in the 17th century).

Stand straight on one leg, bending the right leg and placing the right foot on the left thigh: standing thus like a tree on the ground, is called Tree Posture.”
Gheranda Samhita 2.36

But tree pose appears to be much older than that. There is a 7th-century stone carving in Mahabalipuram, India that shows a figure standing on one leg, indicating that a pose similar to Vrikshasana (another spelling for Vrksasana) was in use at that time.

History tell us that sadhus (religious ascetics) and sages (holy men) would test their discipline by meditating in Tree Pose. Holding the pose for an extended time is believed to improve your austerity and was also used as a form of penance!

I am now imaging a guru telling their student “Now go stand in the corner — standing in Vrksasana — and think about what you’ve done!”

Patanjali refers to these practices of penance, or poses that challenge us and bring us to our edge, as Tapas. This is one of the Niyamas and can be used to help us practice restraint and control.

Stephen strikes a modern Tree Pose in front of the Mahabalipuram, India temple in which a 7th century carving of Tree Pose still exists.

Tree Symbolism in Indian Mythology

One story I love about Tree Pose is that Bhagiratha, a wise sage, practiced Tapas by standing in Vrksasana for one thousand years. This action persuaded Brahma and Shiva to provide the water that created the Ganges.

In Indian mythology, trees are regarded as sacred. This is likely why Vrksasana is associated with something as important to India as the creating of the Ganges. Apart from the Hindu traditions, trees are also considered sacred in Jainism and Buddhism.

Symbolically, the tree is said to be strong and well grounded: it grows both upwards and downwards, building stability. The grounding action of your standing leg in Tree Pose represents the roots of a tree, and the lengthening of your arms overhead represents the branches — and these are the key aspects for growth if you are a tree, or if you are working to find your balance in Tree Pose.

Tree Pose Breakdown

How to do Vrksasana / Tree Pose

Stand in Tadasana.
Bend your right knee and turn your knee out to the right. Touch your foot to your inner left ankle or shin.

Lift your right foot up and reach down with your right hand to hold your right ankle.
Place your right foot high on the inside of your left thigh.
Place your foot either fully above or below your knee joint. Do not press your foot into your knee.
Bring your hands to Anjali Mudra in front of your heart.
With your left leg push back into your right foot, and resist with your right foot. Use this connection to help your stretch your right knee out to the right more.

Engage your standing leg by spreading your toes and pushing down through your left foot. Lift through your left knee to engage your knee and left quadriceps.
Stretch your arms up overhead with your palms facing each other. Bring your arms into Urdhva Hastasana if you have tight or strong shoulders . Bring your arms into Urdhva Namaskarasana if possible. Whichever version you choose, straighten your arms.
Find a point of focus (called a Drishti) for you to look at on the ground in front of you, straight ahead, or by looking up at your hands. Or you can take your gaze inside.
This is Vrksasana.
To come out of the pose, lower your arms and leg and return to Tadasana.

This is two-sided pose so repeat the pose on your left side.

Modifications & Variations

Common Misalignments

Your Hip — Work to limit your hip jutting out to the side on your standing leg. Keep your hips as level as possible, just as they would be if you were standing in Tadasana.

Foot Placement — Don’t place your lifted foot directly on your knee. Instead place your foot fully above or below your knee to prevent putting too much sideways pressure on your knee joint.

Knee Position — The knee of your lifted leg will want to point forward because this takes less gluteus maximus strength. For many of us, tight inner thighs will also pull the knee forward). Work against this tendency and try to keep your knee pointing out to the side. Actively tighten your butt and strengthen your inner thigh to help with this.

When is a Tree not a Tree?

In Bikram yoga, Tree Pose (confusingly called Tadasana in Bikram yoga) is a slightly different standing posture, with one leg in Ardha Padmasana (Half-Lotus) and your hands in Anjali Mudra (prayer position).

This is Stephen doing Tree Pose with one leg in half-lotus inside a temple in Trichy, Tamil Nadu, India.

If you have osteoporosis

You might want to try a supported version of Vrksasana where you place a chair under the shin bone of your lifted leg so you can rest your knee on the chair.

You can also practice near a wall for support

If you have difficulty balancing

You can practice Tree Pose next to a wall or with a chair next to you so that you can touch it to steady yourself. Over time, you can build the stability to come away from the wall or chair.

Or, you can also bring your foot up less high. Instead of bringing your foot all the way up on your opposite inner thigh, take it down a notch. Place your foot on the inside of your opposite ankle with your toes still on the ground (sort of like a kickstand).

You can practice tree here until you start to find the stability to bring your foot off the ground and a little higher up your leg.

If you have high blood pressure

Do not bring your arms overhead. Instead bring your hands into Anjali Mudra in front of your chest.

But remember — never place your foot on the inside edge of the opposite knee. The knee is a hinge joint and only likes to move backwards and forwards — so it’s not good to put sideways pressure on it!

If your foot keeps slipping down

Hold your ankle with one hand and use the other arm as needed to find your balance.

Want to take your Tree Pose further?

Try closing your eyes and see if you can keep balancing. This is a humbling variation: it forces your to be ok with falling and trying again.

You can also interlace your fingers behind your back to do a chest stretch and look up in a back bend. This is a great way to test your stability!

Preparatory Poses

Dandasana / Staff Pose
Sukhasana / Comfortable Pose
Janu Sirsasana / Forehead to Knee Pose
Salabhasana / Locust Pose
Bhekasana / Frog Pose

Baddha Konasana / Bound Angle Pose
Uttanasana / Standing Forward Fold
Tadasana Hindolasana / Standing Baby Cradle Pose
Uttanasana with Paschima Baddhanguliyasana / Standing Forward Fold with hands bound behind back
Utkatasana / Intense or Chair Pose

Garudasana / Eagle Pose
Indudalasana / Standing Side Bend

Follow-up Poses

Adho Mukha Svanasana / Downward Dog Pose
Tadasana / Mountain Pose
Trikonasana / Triangle Pose
Purvottanasana / Upward Plank Pose

Janu Sirsasana / Forehead to Knee Pose
Ardha Matsyendrasana / Half Lord of the Fishes Pose
Natarajasana / Lord of the Dance Pose or Nataraja’s Pose

Poses To Take Your Practice Further

Utthita Hasta Padangusthasana 1 & 2 / Extended Hand to Foot Pose 1 & 2

Utthita Eka Padasana / Extended One Leg Pose
Ardha Baddha Padmottanasana / Half-Bound Lotus Standing Forward Bend
Parivrtta Janu Sirsasana / Revolved Forehead to Knee Pose
Parighasana / Gate Keeper Pose

Post: How To Do Garudasana — Benefits and Yoga Pose Breakdown

Post: Trikonasana Benefits and Yoga Pose Tutorial
Video: Yoga Pose Breakdown — Vrksasana (aka Tree Pose)

Gear & Resources for this Pose

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A Final Note About Vrksasana

I love slow growing trees that live for hundreds of years, like the Sequoia. And sometimes it feels like I will also need hundreds of years to practice Tree Pose before I’ll truly feel stable in it.

The good news is that all trees sway in the wind — and this is actually key to their stability. So remember that your tree doesn’t need to be too rigid. Keep it a bit free, a bit fluid. That’s how your tree will remain stable and grow and how you will continue to grow with your practice.

Namaste OMies, Stephen

I hope this post has been helpful in expanding your possibilities with Tree Pose. I want these posts to inspire you to explore your yoga practice more deeply and I hope this post helps you see this fairly common pose with new awareness and understanding. That’s what this yoga adventure is all about.